Help Actual Air Tickets glossary

Air Connectivity

A concept and a feature in the ForwardKeys database that analyses how the traveller arrives at and departs from a destination, and whether they make one or more steps/flights to reach their destination or to leave to return home.

Airport Dwelling Time

A segmentation available in the Point of Interest group of parameters, referring to the time slots the pax are present, at the airport selected, as Point of Interest. Departing pax are present at their departure airport one hour before the departure hour. Arriving pax that stay or do day trips at the destination are present at the arriving airport only during the hour they are arriving. Transferring pax are present at the airport during the time slots, between connecting flights.

Advanced (Expertise level)

The most comprehensive interface for query parameters. It displays all available query filters and settings, subject to your contractual specifications.

Analysis (a group of parameters)

A group of parameters to be defined for the query result display details. It includes: Changes/cancellations, Scale (for analysis time period), (Geographical) Granularity (for Trip Origin markets), Analysis POI Arrival/Departure Points Type, and Categorisation.

Analysis POI Arrival/Departure Points Type

An advanced parameter for the geographical granularity of the Arrival or Departure points set in your query. It can range from airport terminal level to subcontinent level, subject to contractual specifications.

Arrival Dates

A date parameter for queries, referring to the time period during which the travellers arrive at the destination(s) as defined in the Point of Interest. It is the primary analysis period to be defined under the Arrivals Module in all sections except Ticketing History.

Arrival Time

An advanced segmentation available in the Point of Interest group of parameters for queries in the Arrivals module, referring to the local arrival time at the Destination(s). Categories are by hour and availability is subject to your contractual specifications.

Arrivals

Number of travellers arriving at the Destination, defined as the Point of Interest in the Arrivals module.

Arrivals (Module)

A module used to analyse inbound pax flows into the Point of Interest (which is the Destination in this module).

Basic (Expertise level)

The default expertise level. This is the simplest interface on the parameters panel with the essential and most frequently used query parameters.

Behind (Traffic)

In the Routes module, it refers to the relative position, within the travel itinerary, in respect to POI-1 and POI-2: behind points or traffic refers to the steps preceding the analysed route (defined as the flow between POI-1 and POI-2).

Benchmark

A section to display a summary for all market locations in the user’s contract (origin markets and destinations) during the specified time period, which can be past or future travel dates. In contrast with other sections, it allows you to see the results for several origins and destinations (Point of Interest) at once.

Beyond (Traffic)

In the Routes module, it refers to the relative position within the travel itinerary with respect to POI-1 and POI-2: beyond points or traffic refers to the steps following the analysed route (defined as the flow between POI-1 and POI-2).

Bridge (Traffic)

A category of the Traffic Flow segmentation, which is only available in the Routes module, referring to traffic that has both behind and beyond points.

Business Traveller

A category of the Pax Profile segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group of parameters. In the ForwardKeys database, Business Travellers are defined according to the ticket distribution channel, length of stay at POI, type of stay, and haul length.

Cabin

A segmentation in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, indicating the seating class booked for the traveller’s trip: Economy, Economy Premium, Business, and First classes. The highest cabin class of the entire trip is displayed. ForwardKeys receives cabin code information for more than 400 airlines from a third-party company and applies it to the air tickets in their database. Cabin information is also available in the Capacity dataset.

Calendar Heatmap

An interactive tool available in all analysis views. Calendar heatmap displays the time scale selected and is colour-coded with the performance of each of the time units (displayed in days, weeks, months, quarters, or thirds of years). Selecting a specific time period in the calendar heatmap adjusts the query result display accordingly. When the time scale is daily granularity, specific days of the week can be included/excluded by checking/unchecking the boxes to the left of the main results table. When the time scale is in daily or weekly granularity, the calendar heatmap can be switched to a more aggregated granularity (daily, switch to weekly or monthly, weekly switch to monthly) using the drop-down menu in the top-left corner.

Capacity Changes (Events)

ForwardKeys processes the capacity dataset along with the air ticket query of your interest and displays important changes in scheduled flights to help you better understand the travel trends. This process is still in its beta version and we advise you to analyse the Capacity section in more detail if you have purchased that dataset.

Categorisation

A display parameter in the Analysis group of parameters that defines the categorisation of the query results. By default, query results are categorised depending on the selected module. Default categorisation can be customised in the”Definitions & Preferences” menu.

Changes/cancellations

A segmentation available in the Analysis group of parameters used to study the four types of tickets: Initial trip tickets, Partial additions/modifications, Partial cancellations, and Full trip cancellations. Results are displayed in net volumes: Initial trip bookings and Partial additions/modifications are counted in positive numbers while Partial cancellations and Full trip cancellations are counted in negative numbers.

Comparable Set

By removing the air tickets for those airlines with perimeter changes during the travel and ticketing period of your interest, ForwardKeys forms a comparable set for every query. The raw data set is available, to be viewed under the Advanced parameter panel view.

Continuing Departures (Module)

A module to analyse travellers’ further destinations, after visiting Point of Interest (POI).
Applying the filter of “Continuing trip from POI”, POI is a stop during the traveller’s trip, and Length of stay at POI can be specified to define the stop type.
Applying the filter of “Starting trip at POI”, POI is the traveller’s Trip Origin, thus the Continuing Departures module provides the same analysis as Departures module.

Continuing Trip from POI

A filter category available within the Point of Interest group of parameters in the Continuing Departures module, used to analyse further destinations when the Point of Interest is not the travellers’ Trip Origin.

Contractual Data

Contains information about the user’s contract duration and user account status, and can be reviewed under the Personal & Contractual data menu.

Corporate TA

A category of the Distribution Channels segmentation, referring to the travel agencies primarily dedicated to corporate travel.

Credentials

Identification for accessing ForwardKeys database. It consists of an email and a password. A password is generated automatically by the system upon account creation. It is possible to change it at any time under the Personal & Contractual data menu.

Dates

Time period to be defined before launching a query. Depending on the section that the user is using, Travel Dates (Arrival Dates or Departure Dates), Ticketing Dates, and/or Loading Dates need to be defined.

Day Trip

A category in any Length of Stay filter, defined as a short stay between 5 hours and 24 hours; and the traveller’s trip ends at the same city as the Trip Origin; and the trip does not contain any other steps beyond Short Transfers or Dwelling Transfers.

Default Display

Customisable options that can be set up to display the default information for your most frequent analyses in the Definitions & Preferences menu.

Default Filters

Customisable options that can be set up to display the default filters for your most frequent analysis in the Definitions & Preferences menu.

Definitions & Preferences

A sub-menu under the Profile menu where users can set up Default Display, Default Filters and Definitions per location.

Departure Dates

The period during which the travellers depart from their Trip Origins. It is the primary analysis period to be defined under the Departures Module in all sections except Ticketing History.

Departure Time

An advanced segmentation available in the Point of Interest group of parameters for queries in the Departures module, referring to the local departure time at the Trip Origin(s). Categories are by hours and availability is subject to your contractual specifications.

Departures (Module)

A module that displays air tickets according to their departure dates from the Point of Interest, which is equal to the travellers’ Trip Origin.

Departures

The number of travellers departing from their Trip Origin(s) (airport / city / region / country / sub-continent), according to the confirmed air tickets that are recorded in the ticketing systems feeding ForwardKeys.

Destination

The locations (airport / city / region / country / sub-continent) where travellers stay for a certain length of time during their trips, according to confirmed air tickets that are recorded in the ticketing systems feeding ForwardKeys. The Length of Stay can be defined as transfers, day trips, or truly staying one or more nights at the destination. ForwardKeys usually follows the UNWTO definition for destinations: the location where travellers spend at least one night.

Direct Flight

A flight with the same flight number. It might include one or more legs/stops, but the pax does not change aircraft.

Distribution Channels

A segmentation in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, describing which type of avenue through which the ticket was purchased. Current classifications include: Airline direct, Retail, Online, Corporate, and Other travel agencies, according to the travel agencies’ registration identity with IATA.

Dwelling Transfer

A category for any Length of Stay parameter, referring to a transfer in which the elapsed time is longer than a short transfer, therefore more than 2 hours if within the same terminal or 3 hours if transferring at a different terminal, and up to 6 hours and 59 minutes. This typically leaves time for the passenger to go shopping.

End of Trip

A category in any Length of Stay filter, indicating the Length of Stay at the location is unavailable because the location being analysed is the last location of the trip. Furthermore, they are those itineraries which do not fall under the Return Home category.

Entry point

A segmentation available in the Point of Interest group of parameters which can be used to analyse more detailed geographical information for the selected Point of Interest (POI). It describes where the travellers enter the POI. Options can range from subcontinent to airport terminal level, subject to your contractual specifications.

Events

ForwardKeys event database is displayed under graphs and charts, along with the query results in Travel History, Ticketing History and On the Book sections. It also has its own section. The events, when combined with ticketing, arrival, overnight or departure trends, allows us to better understand the travel trends. There are 14 event categories currently available in the ForwardKeys Event Database. All recorded Events can be reviewed, edited, and exported. The ForwardKeys analyst team constantly update this event database, and ForwardKeys customers can create and maintain their own events.

14 categories of events are currently available on the ForwardKeys Event Database, according to their nature, from both origin market and destination perspectives. Event Categories include:

Economics
Geopolitics
Health
Industry issues
Natural disasters
Public bank holidays
Religion
School holidays
Security concerns
Sports and culture
Trade shows
Travel warnings
Visas
Others

Excel

An export option in the toolbar, to export query results as excel files (.xls).

Excel¹

An advanced export option in the toolbar. If there are more than 15 locations in the query being analysed, depending on the user’s contractual specifications, this file includes the details for all locations in one excel file (.xls). This export is heavier and takes more time to generate than the standard Excel export.

Exclude Domestic

A useful option in any location filter (Trip Origin, Destinations, Inbound Getaways, and Further Destinations) to exclude domestic arrivals/departures. It is very useful when the analysis interest only focuses on international travel.

Exit point

A segmentation available in the Point of Interest group of parameters, which can be used to analyse more detailed geographical information for the selected Point of Interest (POI). It described where travellers exit the POI. Options can range from subcontinent to airport terminal level, subject to your contractual specifications.

Expertise level

A configuration for the query parameter panel. There are three levels, “Basic”, Standard” and “Advanced”, from the simplest interface (Basic) to the interface showing all possible parameters to be set up (Advanced), subject to your contractual specifications. The expertise level can be chosen in the selector on top of the query parameters. The default expertise level is “Basic”, but can be modified in the Definitions & Preferences sub-menu.

Export

There are 3 export possibilities for query results available in the toolbar: Excel, Excel1 and XML. To directly export the charts and graphs, there is a menu on the top right corner of each chart window to export them individually; the chart type can be changed before exporting. API export is also available upon request (please contact your account manager).

Filters

Equal to parameters, to be defined for any query at ForwardKeys to filter out results or configure the results display . Most segmentations in query results are available as filters/parameters to be defined. Available parameters/filters are grouped in different sets and the essential groups include: Point of Interest, Travel Dates, and depending on the module, Ticketing Dates, Trip Attributes, Destinations (in Departures module), Point of Sale, and Analysis. Other filter groups include: Normalisation Dates, Inbound Gateways, Further Destinations, and Combined Steps. Available filters are subject to the contractual specifications.

Filters on Combined Steps

This group of filters may be available, depending on your contractual specifications. It is used to analyse the air connectivity of the Point of Interest. This group of filters applies to all steps regardless of whether they are before or after the Point of Interest and can be displayed by clicking the arrow icon located between the Filters for Inbound Gateways and the Filters for Further Destinations. Filters include: Combined steps, Step connecting with POI, Numbers of other steps, Lengths of stay at other steps, Transport to other steps, and display choices for geographical granularity. There is an additional possibility for merging air and surface arrivals, or for showing both values.

Filters on Inbound Gateways

This group of filters may be available, depending on your contractual specifications. It is used to analyse the air connectivity of the Point of Interest. Filters include Inbound gateways, Last gateways before POI, Number of inbound gateways, Length of stay at the inbound gateways, Transport to the inbound gateways, and display choices for geographical granularity. There is an additional possibility for merging air and surface arrivals, or for showing both values.

Filters on Further Destinations

This group of filters may be available depending on your contractual specifications. It is used to analyse the air connectivity of the Point of Interest. Filters include: Further Destinations, First subsequent destination, Number of further destinations, Lengths of Stay at further destinations, Transport to further destinations, and display choices for geographical granularity. There is an additional possibility for merging air and surface arrivals or for showing both values.

Further Destinations

A segmentation used to analyse air connectivity, referring to the locations that the traveller visits after the Point of Interest (POI).

Full Trip Cancellations

A category of the Changes/cancellations segmentation, available in the Analysis group of parameters. Cancellations that are made without having new trips being booked fall into this category. Full trip cancellations are counted as negative numbers.

Granularity

An essential parameter to define the extent to which the geographical granularity is shown. Options can range from airport terminal level to subcontinent level, subject to your contractual specifications. Granularity parameters are available for Trip Origin, Destination, Point of Sale, Inbound Gateways, Further Destinations, Combined Steps, etc.

Graph Colour Scheme

An option located in the toolbar that allows the user to choose between 15 available palette colours for the graph display. Graph colour scheme can be changed after running a query, or pre-set under the Definitions & Preferences menu.

Graph Type

There are various types of graphs available for the time charts and results window, including stacked area, 100% stacked area, graph lines, 100% stacked lines and logarithmic scale, pie chart, parallel bars, etc.

Group (travellers)

A category of the Pax Profile segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, referring to the travellers that travel within the same ticket of 6 or more persons by default, excluding those who are categorised as business travellers.

Haul length

An advanced parameter in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, referring to the travel distance between Trip Origin and Destination. There are two categories: short haul and long haul, which are defined as above or below 4000 kilometres between Trip Origin and Destination.

Impact of Events

An impact parameter of events in the ForwardKeys Event database. The scale ranges from “very positive” to “very negative”.

Inbound Gateways

A segmentation available for analysing air connectivity, referring to the locations that the traveller visits before the Point of Interest (POI).

Initial trip bookings

A category of the Changes/cancellations segmentation in the Analysis group of parameters. New trips that are ticketed for the first time are counted in positive numbers as initial trip bookings.

Intermediate Hubs

A segmentation available in the Routes Module, referring the locations where pax stay or transfer between POI-1 and POI-2, or during a route, that is analysed.

International Arrivals

Arrivals whose trip origin and destination are located in different countries/territories.

Lead Time

A segmentation in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, meaning the time lapse between the Ticket Date and the Travel Date. Ticket Date for the calculation of Lead Time is the last successive transaction date in Travel History and On the Book sections. Ticket Dates of all transactions are considered in Ticketing History section and Pickup mode. Under Arrivals Module, Travel Date is the date arriving at the Point of Interest (POI, which is the Destination) being analysed. Under the Departure Module, Travel Date is the date departing from the Point of Interest (POI, which is the Trip Origin) being analysed.

Legend

Detail of the ranges used for the colour coding, that represents the variation vs. previous year in the calendar view.

Leg Destination

Destination location of a nonstop flight.

Leg Origin

Origin location of a nonstop flight.

Length of Stay

A segmentation that can be available for different locations, including Point of Interest, Further Destinations, Inbound Gateways, and Combined Destinations, respectively, referring to the number of nights stayed at the specified location, according to the arrival and departure date of the air ticket.

Long Haul (Trips)

A category of Haul Length parameter, referring to trips whose distance between Trip Origin and Destination analysed is over 4000 kilometres. It is used in the ForwardKeys algorithm to define business travellers.

Long Transfer

A category for any Length of Stay parameter, referring to a transfer in which the elapsed time is from 6 hours and 59 minutes up to 23 hours and 59 minutes, regardless of dates.

Maturity

An index created by ForwardKeys to indicate how representative the On the Book situation at the analysed time is when comparing the total final trips during the same period with the previous year. This index is the result of dividing the tickets issued up to a certain moment for a given travel period (arrivals / departures on the book) by the final travels (arrivals or departures) on the same period for the previous year. It is shown for the graphs in the default travel analysis mode and Pickup mode under the On the Book section.

Mode

There are 6 modes of analysis available in the ForwardKeys database: default travel analysis, Ticketing Pace, Pickup (available in Travel History and On the Book sections), Travel Distribution (available in Ticketing History), and Evolution and Full list (available in Capacity).

Module

There are 7 modules are available in the ForwardKeys database to display Actual Air Tickets dataset: Arrivals, Departures, Continuing Departures, Routes POI to POI, Routes Hub Centric, Stages of Trip, and Overnights. These modules are enabled depending on your contractual specifications.

Nonstop (Non-stop) Flight

Flights with no intermediary landing between two airports.

Non-stop Route

Travellers travel between POI-1 and POI-2 on nonstop flights. ForwardKeys has applied Capacity dataset to Actual Air Tickets dataset, thus air tickets that travel on direct flights which have stopovers are identified with stopovers.

No stay

A category of Weekend/Workweek segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, referring to those travellers who do not stay overnight at the location.

On the Book

A section that displays air tickets according to their future travel dates. When calculating Year-on-Year variations, it compares the same travel period with the tickets that are issued during the same ticketing period during the previous year.

One way

Refers to the situation wherein passengers do not return to their Trip Origin.

Online TA

A category of the Distribution Channel segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, referring to the travel agencies that operate almost exclusively online.

On-the-Book look-ahead

An option on the Definitions & Preferences menu to set up a default setting for the On the Book section: referring to how many weeks to be displayed by default starting from the database latest update date. Available choices go from 3 to 12 months.

Overnights Dates

A date parameter for queries, referring to the time period during which the travellers stay at least one night at the location. It is the primary analysis period to be defined under Overnights Module in all sections except Booking Ticketing History.

Overnights (Module)

A module that displays air tickets according to their Overnights Dates at the Point of Interest (which is Destination) analysed.

Overnights

Total nights spent by the travellers at the destination(s) during a specific time period that is based on the Overnights Dates, regardless of their Travel Dates or Ticketing Dates.

Partial additions/modifications

A category of the Changes/cancellations segmentation available in the Analysis group of parameters, referring to the bookings/modifications that are made within a defined period after the cancellations are placed. Partial additions/modifications are counted in positive numbers.

Partial Cancellations

A category of the Changes/cancellations segmentation available in the Analysis group of parameters, referring to the cancellations that are made within a defined period and new trips being booked. Partial Cancellations are counted in negative numbers.

Pax per Booking

A segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, referring to the number of passengers under the same air ticket.

Pax Profile

A segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, that categorises travellers as Business, Groups, VFR+Expats, and Leisure, according to pre-defined rules. The rules to characterize the different traveller segments are based on their Length of Stay at the Destination, Trip Duration, Lead Time, Distribution Channels, Pax per Booking, travel distance, etc.

Perimeter Changes

Operational changes between airlines and GDS(s), or within the GDS itself, that may affect air ticket trends. Perimeter Changes may disturb the statistical analysis, as observed abnormal variations are mainly due to the business operation changes instead of traveller behaviour changes. Comparable Set is applied by default to exclude the air tickets that have perimeter changes.

Personal & Contractual Data

A sub-menu under the Profile menu where the user can view: Credentials, Personal Details, Contractual Data and Product Definition.

Personal Details

Contact details for each user that can be reviewed under the Personal & Contractual Data menu.

Pickup

An analysis mode available in Travel History and On the Book sections to understand how travellers’ ticket their trips for a certain travel period. It is only displayed after selecting the travel period of interest and displays how tickets build-up (pickup) for the selected travel period of interest. More details are available to compare ticketing accumulation performances of different markets upon the ticketing dates selected.

Point of Interest (POI)

The location where the query is focused on. It is also the name of a group of parameters to be set up to launch the query.

In Arrivals or Overnights module, Point of Interest is the Destination.
In Departures module, Point of Interest is the Trip Origin (equal to Source Market).
In Continuing Departures module, Point of Interest can be either the Trip Origin or a stop during travellers’ trips from where the travellers have at least one other further destination to travel to.
In the Routes module, there are two POIs to be set up: POI-1 and POI-2. POI-1 is mandatory while POI-2 is optional.

Point of Interest handled as a block

A configuration option defining the counting method for trips within the Point of Interest.
When Point Of Interest (POI) as Block is enabled (ON), the system considers all sublocations included in the POI as a singular location. It sets the corresponding Entry Point and Exit Point, and disregards all intermediate steps taken within the sublocations of the POI until the passenger departs from there. In consequence, the passengers are counted only once for the given POI, and the profiling refers to the total stay at the POI.
When Point of Interest (POI) as Block is disabled (OFF), the system handles each POI sub-location independently. Therefore, this means that arrivals in one country (location) will display the sum from analysing each individual city (sub-locations) independently, each with their separate profiling, length of stay, etc.
For Tourism Boards, Tourism Bureau, and Destination Marketing Organizations customers, this option is by default ON.

Point of Sale (POS)

A segmentation, as well as a group of parameters to be defined for queries, availability is subject to your contractual specifications. Point of Sale of Actual Air Tickets dataset is the location of the legal address of the travel agency through which the ticket was purchased, which may be different from the Trip Origin.

Product Definition

Detail of the markets, Point of Interest, and granularity of data allowed, depending on contractual definition.

Profile menu

Menu where all back-office information is displayed. Sub-menus include: Personal & Contractual Data, Definitions & Preferences, Context (View/Define events), Reporting and Peers.

Recently Qualified Events

Events that were added to the ForwardKeys Event Database within the last 30 days.

Retail TA

A category of the Distribution Channels segmentation, referring to the travel agencies that operate in traditional ways, selling in shops or over phones, etc.

Return Home

A special category in any Length of Stay (LOS) parameter, indicating the arrival locations that are the last location on the trip and that are:

Either, exactly the same as the Trip Origin city;
Or,
- if Point of Sale (POS) is known as city:
  - last trip location is less than 250km from POS,
  - and POS is closer to last location than to Trip Origin;
- if POS is known as country:
  - last location is not in the same country as Trip Origin;
  - and country of Trip Origin is the country of POS.
Or,
- the trip includes any location outside the country of Trip Origin,
- and,
  - either last location of trip is in the same country of Trip Origin;
  - or last location of trip is less than 500km from the city of Trip Origin, even though not in the same country.

Routes POI-POI (Module)

A module which counts the passengers between POI-1 and POI-2 among all air tickets during the specified time period.

Routes Hub Centric (Module)

A module which allows the analysis of the competition between hub airports and the direct flights over a certain defined route, among all air tickets during the specified time period.

Routes (Filters)

A group of parameters available only in Routes module. The parameters included are POI-1, POI-2, Traffic direction type (Directional from POI-2 to POI-1; Directional from POI-1 to POI-2; Non-directional), Traffic Flow, Numbers of intermediate hubs (between POI-1 and POI-2), Intermediate hubs (location), Behind Points (location), and Beyond Points (location).

Saved Queries

An option in the toolbar to save specific queries so that they can be retrieved at any time in the future by selecting them from the corresponding section.

Section

Sections are different analyses types applied for each dataset. They can be accessed from the top menu bar and are available according to your contractual specifications. There are 6 sections available for Actual Air Tickets dataset: Travel History, On the Book, Forecast, Ticketing History and Benchmark.

Segmentation

Available passenger ticket and itinerary details in ForwardKeys that can be analysed. Essential ones for the Actual Air Tickets dataset include: Trip Origins in the Arrivals or Overnights module (or Destinations in the Departures module), Length of Stay, Trip Duration, Pax per booking, Lead Times, Cabin, Pax Profiles, and Distribution Channels.

Short Haul (Trips)

A category for Haul Length parameter, referring to trips whose distance between Trip Origin and the Destination analysed is 4000 kilometres or shorter. It is used in the ForwardKeys algorithm to define business travellers.

Short Transfer

A category for any Length of Stay parameters, referring to a transfer in which the elapsed time between arrival and departure is up to 1 hour and 59 minutes if the transfer occurs at the same terminal, or up to 2 hours and 59 minutes if involving two terminals.

Snapshot Date

A date parameter to be set up before launching a query in the Forecast section when analysing Projected Air Tickets dataset. It considers the ticket situation for the selected date as a reference for projecting future results.

Stage of Trip Dates

A date parameter for a query. It is the primary analysis period to be defined under Stage of Trip Module in all sections except Ticketing History.

Stages of Trip (Module)

A module in the Actual Air Tickets dataset that displays information related to the passengers’ situation with respect to their travel itinerary while at the Point of Interest (which is the Destination in this module). The available categories include:

Starting trip: It counts the passengers that are starting their trip at the POI during the selected dates.
Transferring towards destination: It counts the passengers that are transferring at the POI during the selected dates, before flying forward to their unique real destination.
Arriving at destination: It counts the passengers that are arriving/disembarking at the POI for a real stay.
At destination, 1-2 days after arriving: For each selected date, it counts the passengers that have already arrived and are spending their first or second day at the Point of Interest. Day 0 is the day of arrival.
At destination, staying: It counts travellers that are present in the corresponding city, on their third day or beyond, but not in the last 2 days before leaving the POI.
At destination, 1-2 days before leaving: For each selected date, it counts the passengers that have already arrived and are spending their last or penultimate day before their departure day.
Departing from destination to next destination: For each selected date, it counts the passengers that are finishing their stay at a destination and are embarking to fly away to another real destination.
Transferring towards next destination: It counts the travellers that are on transfer at the Point of Interest, that have already spent some nights at some previous destination, and are now going on to another real destination.
Departing from destination to home: It counts passengers that have stayed at the POI and are now flying back home, meaning all further destinations are either transfer hubs or home.
Transferring towards home: It counts the travellers that are on transfer at the POI on their way back home.
Arriving home: It counts the passengers that are local to the POI and arriving back home.

Standard (Expertise level)

The intermediate interface of the query parameter panel when working with the Actual Air Tickets dataset. It includes more parameters to be set up for in-depth analysis that is often used by ForwardKeys users.

Starting Trip at POI

An option available in the Point of Interest group of parameters in the Continuing Departures module in order to analyse the Point of Interest as the Trip Origin. The query results under this Filter are the same as analysing the same Point of Interest in the Departures module.

Subcontinent

A region with countries grouped together. ForwardKeys database follows the UNWTO definition and has 15 Subcontinents, including: North America (NAME), Caribbean (CRBN), Central America (CAME), South America (SAME), Northern Europe (NEUR), Western Europe (WEUR), Southern Europe (SEUR), Central/Eastern Europe (EEUR), North Africa (NAFR), South Africa (SAFR), Middle East (MIDE), South Asia (SASI), South East Asia (SEAS), North East Asia (NEAS) and Oceania (OCEA).

Surface Arrival

A category of any transport-method-related parameter, referring to the arrival of a trip leg that appears in the ForwardKeys system without a booked flight.

Support

A sub-menu under the Profile menu where all the help materials are available, including Get Started, Advanced Experiences, Glossary, etc., along with internal access to the ForwardKeys support team.

Ticket

Either the document entitled “Passenger Ticket and Baggage check” or an Electronic Ticket. Those portions of the document issued by a carrier which provides for the carriage of the passenger.

Ticketing Dates

A data parameter for querying the Actual Air Tickets dataset, referring to the time period during which the bookings are ticketed.

Ticketing History

A section where tickets are displayed according to the Ticketing Dates, regardless of the Travel Dates. In this section, query results display the total pax on all tickets.

Ticketing Pace

A mode available for analysis in Travel History and On the Book sections to understand how travellers ticket their trips for a certain travel period. It shows the issued tickets over time for a given travel period. The results are only displayed after selecting the travel period of interest.

Toolbar

Located at the bottom left of the query parameters and available for all sections. It includes utility options for customising the colour palette, capture the analysis (send results in pdf via email), schedule a recurrent report, export results in different file formats, and save the query.

Traffic Dates

A date parameter for queries. It is the primary analysis period to be defined under Routes Module in all sections except Ticketing History.

Traffic Flow

A segmentation available only in Routes POI to POI module and Routes Hub Centric module, in the Point of Interest group of parameters. It is the indication of four general traffic types: Local traffic, Traffic with behind points, Traffic with beyond points, and Bridge Traffic, which has both behind and beyond points.

Transfer

Passengers arriving and departing on a different aircraft, or on the same aircraft with different flight numbers within a timeframe of up to 24 hours.

Transit

A special category in any Length of Stay (LOS) parameter for the Actual Air Tickets dataset. It refers to the technical or commercial stopover(s) that travellers make during a direct flight. ForwardKeys utilises the Capacity dataset to identify these stopovers on tickets in the Actual Air Tickets dataset. Depending on the conditions of the route, the airline, or the airport, passengers may or may not have the possibility of going shopping during the stop-over.

Traveller

A person who purchases an air ticket to travel for a certain time period with specific Travel Dates.

Travel Dates

A general date parameter for the queries. It matches its more specific names under different modules: Arrivals Dates, Departures Dates, Overnights Dates, Nights Out Dates, Traffic Dates, and Stage of Trip Dates.

Travel History

A section where passengers’ visits are displayed according to the Travel Dates of the Tickets.

Trip Duration

A segmentation in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, referring to the total nights of the entire booked trip according to the air ticket information. This segmentation is very useful for the combined trip analysis.

Trip Origin

Equal to Source Market, a primary parameter available in the Trip Attributes group of the query parameters, referring to the starting location of the traveller’s air ticket itinerary. It can be a subcontinent, a country, a city, an airport, or an airport terminal, subject to your contractual specifications in general and the geographical granularity that is defined for the specific queries.

Type of Stay

A segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, referring to the classification of the arrivals depending on whether the stay includes only Weekend Night, Workweek, or Combined stay or No Stay at the Destination.

VAR% Y0 vs Y-1

Variation versus the previous period, expressed in percentage format.

Y0

The current travel or ticketing period that is being analysed. It corresponds to the time period defined in the first row in any date selector.

Y-1

The time period to be defined to compare with Y0. It corresponds to the time period defined in the second row of any date selector. This is typically the period one year before the period being analysed.

YoY (Year-over-Year, Year-on-Year)

When comparing the results of the selected period with the same period during previous year, the variation calculated is a year-on-year variation.
This is also an option of result display in ForwardKeys database in Travel History and Ticketing History sections for the Actual Air Tickets dataset. It is the default option.

Weekend Night

A category of the Type of Stay segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group for query parameters. Friday and Saturday are considered as Weekend Night by default in the ForwardKeys database, but it can be customised for each location under the Definitions & Preferences menu.

Weekly Frequency

A segmentation available in the Capacity dataset, referring to the number of times per week the flight is scheduled to operate under the same flight number.

Workweek

A category of the Type of Stay segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group for query parameters. Monday to Friday are considered as Workweek days by default in the ForwardKeys database, but it can be customised for each location under the Definitions & Preferences menu.

VFR + Expats

A category of the Pax Profile segmentation available in the Trip Attributes group of parameters, referring to the travellers that stay at the destination for 22 nights or more by default, excluding those who are categorised as Business or Group travellers. Because of their long Length of Stay. ForwardKeys considers that these travellers are more likely to be visiting friends and relatives, or working abroad during the trips that are being analysed.